Ecole Des Beaux-Arts is a French national school of fine arts in Paris that was founded in 1648. It includes departments of painting, graphic arts, and sculpture and is free to artists whose previous training enables them to pass the entrance examinations. The program maintained that unity of architecture with the other arts. Unfortunately, it fostered a constantly increasing isolation of the arts from the conditions of ordinary life. From the beginning of the 1800s two-oppositie attitudes, each represented by an official institute , confronted each other. The Ecole des Beaux-Arts and the Ecole Polytechnique both had extreme attitudes that opposed each other. The Ecole Polytechnique represented the fusion of life and science; it brought the practical application of discoveries in mathematical and physical sciences to industry. The ideals of the Eiffel Tower sparked from the Ecole Polytechnique where there was an unconscious influence of construction into architecture. The Ecole des Beaux-Arts opposed the influence of construction, thus the followers of the Ecole des Beaux-Arts, considered the tower to be inartistic and ugly because of its monstrous steel façade.